Operando neutron reflectometry of metallic Lithium layer exposed to polysulfides
Lithium sulfur (Li/S) cells have a fivefold higher gravimetric energy density than state of the art lithium ion batteries. Furthermore they are environmentally friendly and consist of abundant raw materials. However, the major drawback of this electrochemical system is the pronounced capacity fading with increasing cycle number. A frequently observed degradation process is caused by the "shuttle effect". Soluble polysulfides diffuse to the lithium anode and perform parasitic side reactions which lead to a complex surface chemistry at the anode. We will investigate these degradation processes at the lithium anode with a new operando neutron reflectivity (NR) cell. A lithium layer (50 nm) that is precipitated on a silicon electrode will be exposed to different electrolytes followed by electrochemical cycling. NR is in this respect an especially powerful tool due to its high contrast between the electrode and Li. The NR measurement will be combined with impedance spectroscopy and voltage measurements to get a holistic view of this system. Preliminary results of the lithium precipitation and NR measurements with the operando cell have already proven the feasibility of this
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TRAPP Marcus; BALLAUFF Matthias; CUBITT Robert; RISSE Sebastian; Ronneburg, A. and SEIDLHOFER Beatrix-Kamelia. (2016). Operando neutron reflectometry of metallic Lithium layer exposed to polysulfides. Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) doi:10.5291/ILL-DATA.1-04-110
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