Addressing the remaining questions on the ultimate Li-ion battery cathode: LiNiO2. Part I - Synthesis
Li-ion batteries for automotive applications need cathode materials with high specific energy. LiNiO2 (LNO), was already investigated in the 90s but abandoned due to various forms of instability. From its doping, other cathodes were developed (NCM and NCA), now commercial because they sacrifice specific energy for stability. However the used of original LNO would bring great improvements in performance. We undertook a review project of the material and identified 2 main points where knowledge is lacking. This proposal deals with the observation in situ of the material s synthesis. LiNiO2 is always found off-stoichiometric as Li1-zNi1+zO2, with z = 0.01-0.02 in the best reports. This is due to the relationship between LNO with a layered structure, and its precursor rocksalt phase, both having a ccp oxygen lattice and only differing by the Li/Ni ordering in alternate layers. In combination with Li volatility issues, this makes the synthesis of true LNO challenging. We propose to observe the material s synthesis in real time, to observe the phases evolution and track lithium redistribution, to ultimately see whether any condition allow to make a true stoichiometric LNO.
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BIANCHINI Matteo; BREZESINSKI Torsten; Thomas C. Hansen; HARTMANN Pascal and SUARD Emmanuelle. (2019). Addressing the remaining questions on the ultimate Li-ion battery cathode: LiNiO2. Part I - Synthesis. Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) doi:10.5291/ILL-DATA.5-25-272
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